Menstrual bleeds begin between the ages of 9-16. Although the young girl has reached the age of 15 and still has not started menstruation, she has to go through a checkup. The first menstrual bleeding is called menarche.
The time from the beginning of menses to the beginning of another menses (1 cycle) should be 24-38 days (21-35 days according to some sources). Bleeding is normal for 2-8 days. The average blood loss is around 35-40 ml in one period. This is usually 3-4 pads a day. Bleeds usually over 80 ml are considered too high. Blood does not clot unless blood is too severe. The appearance of clotting is an indication of a lot of bleeding. These hemorrhages may not be the same violence each month when the menstrual bleeds begin. Bleeding can be one month more, the other month much less.
The first day of menstrual bleeding is the first day of menstruation period. This is called the last menstrual period. It is important in some cases that women keep the last menstrual period in mind.
Menstruation occurs regularly every month except during pregnancy and breastfeeding throughout reproductive period and ends with menopause.
On the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, the amount of LH increases suddenly from the hormones secreted from the pituitary region of the brain. Following this, the mature follicle cracks and the egg cell is released. This is called ovulation. There are two periods of menstruation period. First term “follicular period – proliferative period” before ovulation and second term “luteal period – secretarial period” after ovulation are called. These two periods are separated by ovulation.
The follicular phase begins with the first day of menstrual bleeding. During this period, inner membrane of the uterus grows because of estrogen hormone. Then estrogen hormone finds a certain level, ovulation occurs and this period ends.
Is the phase that the egg cell (the follicle) develops. The duration of the follicular phase lasts for 14 days in a period of approximately 28 days, varying from woman to woman.
If this egg in the tuber encounters a sperm after an intercourse, “fertilization” occurs. The fertilized fetus divides from one side after about 7 days’ journey and then falls into the uterus and nestles there, so that a pregnancy begins.
If there is no pregnancy, luteal phase starts after ovulation and this period lasts until menstruation. In this period, together with the estrogen hormone, the hormone “progesterone” secretes from the yellow body called “corpus luteum” which is the substance left behind by the cracking egg. The main task of this hormone is to ensure that the egg is held in the uterus if fertilized.